Glossary E

 

Glossary of Terms

A B C D [E] F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


E

Ectopic pregnancy

When an egg (ovum) is fertilized and begins to develop inside the fallopian tubes. This is a dangerous condition that can be fatal to a woman when left untreated.

Endocrine System

All of the human body’s hormone-secreting glands, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, adrenal glands, and gonads (ovaries and testes), their receptors, and intracellular pathways.

Endocrinologist

A physician who specializes in the study of hormones, their receptors, and the intracellular signaling pathways they invoke and the diseases and conditions associated with them.

Endometrial ablation

The removal of the endometrium (lining of the uterus) using one of various methods, including laser, microwave, electric current, or heated fluid and freezing. This treatment is for heavy menstrual bleeding in order to permanently stop menstruation and prevent future pregnancies.

Endometrial Biopsy

A test to detect precancerous cells by removing a tissue sample from the uterine lining (endometrial tissue) for laboratory analysis.

Endometrial Hyperplasia

An overgrowth of the uterine lining (endometrial tissue).

Endometrium

The tissue that lines the uterus (womb). Cyclic hormonal changes influence the growth and subsequent shedding of endometrial tissue. Endometriosis is the growth of this tissue outside its normal confines.

Estradiol (Estrace, Climara, Estraderm, Menostar)

One of the main forms of estrogen, a sex hormone produced by the body, which influences reproduction and development of female secondary sex characteristics. Estradiol is also a medication prescribed for treatment of symptoms associated with menopause (hot flashes, vaginal dryness; dysfunctional (excessive and painful) uterine bleeding and contraception. The vaginal cream is prescribed for vaginal or vulvar atrophy associated with menopause. Its role in protecting against osteoporosis, heart disease, and stroke is under question.

Estrogen

Female sex hormones (estrone, estradiol, estriol) formed in the ovary, the adrenal cortex, the testis, and the foetoplacental unit, with functions for both males and females. The estrogens play a role in reproduction and development of female secondary sex characteristics.

Estrone (E1)

A substance produced by the metabolism (metabolite) of estradiol (E2), a hormone synthesized primarily in the ovary.

Excision

The surgical removal of tissue.


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