Glossary D

Glossary of Terms

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[D] E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


D

DHEA (Dehydroepiandrosterone)

A steroid produced mostly in the adrenal glands from cholesterol that is converted to the sex hormones, estrogen and testosterone.

DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate)

A metabolite of DHEA.

DHT (Dihydrotestosterone)

A byproduct of the hormone testosterone, DHT is responsible for the formation of male primary sex characteristics during the embryonic stage as well as most secondary sex characteristics in males at puberty and continues to be important to male sexual function throughout adult life.

Dementia

Considerable loss of intellectual abilities; severe enough to interfere with social or occupational functioning. Diagnostic criteria include impairment of attention, orientation, memory, judgment, language motor and spatial skills and function.

Dermoid Cyst

A typically benign ovarian cyst, consisting primarily of fat but can also contain bone, teeth, thyroid, and hair ranging in size from ½ inch to 17 inches in diameter. Dermoid cysts can cause twisting (torsion) of the ovary endangering blood supply. Often diagnosed by MRI and removed by laparotomy.

Diabetes

Refers to Diabetes Mellitus and its two main but different forms: Type I Diabetes (requiring insulin and also called Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus or IDDM) and Type 2 Diabetes (adult onset or Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus or NIDDM). A chronic medical condition, Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia), which result from defects in insulin secretion or action, or both. Normally blood glucose levels are tightly controlled by insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, which lowers the blood glucose level. When the blood glucose rises (for example, after eating food), insulin is released from the pancreas to normalize levels. In patients with Diabetes Mellitus, the absence of or insufficient production of insulin causes hyperglycemia.

Diagnosis

The nature of a disease or the identification of an illness.

Dioxin

A toxic chemical found in some paper products, pesticide-treated food, and leaded gas. Could be linked to endometriosis.

Disease

Illness or sickness often characterized by typical patient symptoms and physical signs.

Diuretic

Anything that promotes the formation of urine by the kidney.

Dutasteride (Advodart, Duogen)

A drug used in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) that acts to inhibit the conversion of testosterone to its more active form, DHT.

Dyslipidemia

Blood lipid abnormalities that are diagnosed when LDL (“bad”) cholesterol is high, HDL (“good”) cholesterol is low, triglycerides are high, or a combination of these factors.

Dysmenorrhea

Painful periods.

Dyspareunia

Painful sex.


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